Beneath the calm waters off the coast of the Asini archaeological site, a team of international researchers has uncovered new evidence of an ancient harbour that once served as an important maritime hub.
The latest underwater survey, carried out from 29 September to 1 October 2025, offers fresh insight into how this coastal settlement responded to changing sea levels and shifting trade patterns over time.
The submerged remains lie just east of Tolo, in a location long valued for its strategic position. With a naturally sheltered harbour and a defensible hilltop, Asini drew human settlement from prehistoric times through to later historical periods. What has only recently become clear, however, is the scale and complexity of its port infrastructure.
The 2025 campaign forms part of a five-year research programme launched in 2022, building on earlier exploratory work. Over several field seasons, researchers have mapped what appears to be a substantial artificial harbour installation.
At the centre of this discovery lies a broad, man-made plateau that is still lying in shallow water. At first sight it may seem like a random mixture of stones. A closer look, supported by detailed three-dimensional models generated recently, shows a more defined picture. Stone-built features can be identified, some in almost square formation, others on carefully chosen stones.
To better understand these features, archaeologists removed stones from three of the structures in search of datable material. The results were limited but informative: only two pottery fragments were recovered. Even so, the team believes the square formations represent the remains of pier foundations. These were likely constructed using wooden frameworks, or caissons, filled with stone. As the timber decayed over time, only the stone elements survived.
Previous research had already indicated that the main plateau dates to the Roman period, based on amphora fragments found within it. Its defined edges and layout resemble a quay that once stood above sea level. As sea levels gradually rose, the structure would have become submerged. The later addition of piers on top of this submerged platform likely enabled the harbour to remain in use for loading and unloading goods.
Taken together, the findings suggest a harbour that evolved over time, initially built in the Roman period and subsequently adapted to changing environmental conditions. Ongoing analysis of recovered material and digital survey data is expected to refine the chronology and provide a clearer understanding of how the port operated within the wider region.
The Greek side of the project is led by Dr Panagiota Galiatsatou, while the Swedish team is headed by Professor Ann-Louise Schallin and Dr Niklas Eriksson. Their work continues to build a more detailed picture of Asini’s maritime past.
Full results are due to be published in forthcoming academic journals, offering further insight into a harbour that, although now submerged, once played a significant role in coastal life.
Sources : Greek Ministry of Culture
